4.2. Systems of ventilation, heating and air conditioning
Heater and conditioner of air
| 1 – heater drive 2 – switch of the gate of fresh and ventilating air The switch is rigidly connected with the drive of a heater and cannot separately be replaced. 3 – nozzle of the region of legs 4 – heating channel of a back part of salon 5 – connecting element |
6 – nozzle of the region of legs 7 – heater casing 8 – heat exchanger 9 – top air-conducting channel 10 – additional resistor of the fan 11 – the driving motor of the gate of the fresh / circulating air 12 – fan |
ATTENTION
The components of system of heating, ventilation and air conditioning located in interior of the car
| 1 – nozzles of side glasses 2 – nozzles 3 – nozzle of defrosting of glasses 4 – governing bodies of hot and fresh air 5 – pro-rate 6 – dashboard cross-piece 7 – antidust filter of air of salon 8 – electric motor Fresh air / ventilating gate 9 – fan of fresh air 10 – additional resistor With a thermal safety lock |
11 – heating device 12 – central peak 13 – an air supply nozzle to the region of legs 14 – forward channel 15 – consolidation 16 – connecting element 17 – draft of the drive of a heater 18 – heat exchanger 19 – consolidation of a joint heat exchanger/partition of a motive compartment 20 – a pro-rate for snuffled defrosting of glasses |
The heater case with elements of system of heating and ventilation of salon
| 1 – heat exchanger After removal cooling liquid has to be replaced completely. 2 – self-tapping screw It is required in that case when lock pads of the heat exchanger are broken. 3 – air distributor casing It is not necessary to sort. 4 – electric motor of the gate of fresh air / circulation 5 – self-tapping screw 6 – casing of fresh air 7 – cover of a casing of fresh air |
8 – self-tapping screw 9 – additional resistor With an overheat safety lock. 10 – self-tapping screw 11 – lever of the central gate 12 – lever of the temperature gate 13 – basis 14 – consolidation heat exchanger/partition of a motive compartment Consolidation has a tag on a face surface. Consolidation needs to be established so that meta coincided with H · m a kirovka on the basis |
Scheme of the air conditioning system of salon
| 1 – compressor 2 – compressor speed sensor 3 – electromagnetic H · m of an uft 4 – stopper of removal of H · m of a sl 5 – safety valve 6 – a connecting element with the valve 7 – switch of high pressure For the conditioner and electromagnetic H · ufta m 8 – cover With consolidation, surely has to be fixed. 9 – service accession At the condenser. |
10 – condenser 11 – the threaded connection in the pipeline of cooling liquid 12 – throttle It is built in connection-11-. 13 – evaporator 14 – switch of low pressure \contour of cooling liquid 15 – a connecting element with the valve 16 – capacity for collecting HD – the party of high pressure ND – the party of low pressure |
The scheme of placement in a motive compartment of components of systems of heating and air conditioning
| 1 – dust removal filter 2 – fairing cover 3 – drainage valve of the evaporator 4 – heater heat exchanger sockets 5 – the gate of switching of the modes of air supply (fresh air / the closed circulation) (N63) 6 – management of functioning of the fan of the cooling system (J293) 7 – vacuum tank 8 – vacuum hose 9 – thermosensitive switch of the conditioner of air |
10 – condenser 11 – reducing valve 12 – H · m of an uft of coupling of the conditioner of air (N25) 13 – sensor switch of temperature of air (F38) 14 – pressure sensor switch in the air conditioning system (F129) 15 – receiver dehumidifier 16 – observation port 17 – service valves of low and high pressure 18 – broad valve |
General information and security measures
The air given by system of ventilation to interior of the car via the filter can be warmed up or cooled depending on the choice of the driver and passengers. The heater or the conditioner settle down in a passenger compartment in the case under the dashboard. All stream of the air given to salon goes for heating or cooling through the same casing. Temperature and speed of a stream of air is regulated by means of the governing bodies located on the control panel.
Heat generated during the operation of the engine is transferred by cooling liquid to the heater radiator located in salon. The brought air stream from system of ventilation passes through a radiator and heats up heat of the cooling liquid of the engine proceeding in a radiator. Extent of heating is regulated by means of mixing in a certain ratio of cold and hot air by means of the mixing gate.
The conditioner in the mode of cooling deletes excessive heat and moisture from salon according to the basic physical principles. Coolant, free from FCKW (R 134 and), and not doing harm to the environment, circulating in the form of liquid in that part of system where high pressure is supported, evaporates and turns into gas on the site of low pressure. At expansion of gas there is a cooling which is followed by selection of heat from the air given by the fan to passenger salon and decrease in its temperature. Further in process of passing via the condenser coolant gives the absorbed heat to air. The cycle of selection of heat proceeds infinitely long in process of circulation of coolant on the closed contour. From the air given to salon there is a removal of moisture owing to condensation on the refrigerator evaporator.
The conditioner automatically maintains the established value temperature of salon to constants.
The climatic Climatronic installation, unlike the ordinary conditioner, in addition to temperature automatically regulates quantity and distribution of air. Regulation of amount of air happens smoothly by means of change of speed of the fan depending on a difference of temperatures between the established value of temperature and temperature of salon.
Climatronic has in addition solar sensor which registers sunlight. It is located in the center of the dashboard under a windshield. At especially high sunlight the solar sensor automatically exerts impact through an electronic control system on the speed of the fan and thus on the amount of air given to salon. The established value of temperature in salon is corrected according to sunlight.
The compressor, is set in motion by the electric motor.
The electronic monitor is built in the conditioner control unit. At manual installation of speed of the fan below H · the system of the heating/conditioner is switched off by m of a nimum.
The malfunctions which arose in the monitor or sensors and executive bodies register in memory of malfunctions of the monitor. The special device is used to reading of codes of malfunctions.
The air conditioning system represents potential danger. At its service observance of certain rules is required. Performance of the majority of operations on repair and service of air conditioning system requires the special equipment and certain skills of work.
Ventilation of a body is provided by formation of a through stream of air. Fresh air gets in the car through the air inlet located before a windshield. The stream of air comes to light via the final channels located under a rear bumper.
The size of a stream of air is regulated by the 4-speed fan.
The system of heating of air of mixing type is intended for quick response to change of air temperature in salon and reduction of a pulsation of temperature of the warmed-up air. Cooling liquid of the cooling system of the engine constantly circulates in a radiator of a heater and the stream of cooling liquid is not regulated. An adjustable factor is the air temperature which changes the mixing gate defining amount of the air passing through a heater radiator before its hit in interior of the car.
For a hit exception in interior of the car of external air there is an air circulation mode.
Security measures at service of the air conditioner
Air conditioning system has to be served by exclusively prepared technicians trained in safe working methods with use of the appropriate equipment with observance of rules of depressurization, acquainted with methods of collecting and order of storage of automobile coolant.
Do not allow contact of coolant with skin.
During the work near air conditioning system put on goggles.
At hit of coolant on skin or eyes do not pound the struck place. Immediately wash out cold water during not less than 15 H · m chick-pea. Immediately see a doctor or in medical institution. Self-treatment is not allowed.
Coolant is stored in a new cylinder under pressure. You store a cylinder at a temperature not above 50 °C. Take the measures excluding falling of a cylinder about heights or other situations which can lead to its damage.
Works should be carried out in well aired room. Coolant quickly evaporates, leads to reduction of access of oxygen and the complicated breath.
Gaseous coolant is heavier than air and rather quickly has to gather below, for example, under the car.
At combustion of coolant poisonous gas is formed. You store coolant far from open sources of fire. You do not smoke. When using an ardent techeiskatel avoid smoke inhalation.
When carrying out welding works near air conditioning system to influence of high temperature or an open flame. The overheat can lead to increase in pressure in system and to ignition.
Cleaning of the condenser or evaporator by means of water vapor is not allowed. It is necessary to use only cold water or compressed air.
For increase in air exchange the 4-staged fan of fresh air serves. That the fan at separate steps worked with various speed, resistors turn on. Resistors are in a connecting payment on the fan. With malfunctions the connecting payment is replaced in a set.
If fresh air does not be sucked in, for example, at bad external air, pressing of a key of circulating ventilation makes switching to air circulation. At the same time air circulates only in salon. The switch displaces the gate, influencing not the small electric motor.
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