6.1.1. Self-diagnostics of systems of electronic control of the second generation of OBD II

The description of elements of system of electronic control is provided by ignition and injection in the section of the Power supply system and production of the fulfilled gases.

(In case of the equipment of your OBD II car on Schild under a cowl there has to be a record "OBD II compliant" and there has to be a 16-contact socket. As a rule OBD II are equipped models, since 1996 release).

1. Several diagnostic devices making monitoring of separate parameters of systems of decrease in toxicity and fixing the revealed refusals in memory of the onboard processor in the form of individual codes of malfunctions are a part of the OBD system. The system makes also check of sensors and actuation mechanisms, controls vehicle service cycles, provides a possibility of storing even of the failures which are quickly arising in the course of work and cleaning of the block of memory.
Arrangement of the diagnostic socket
2. All models described in the present manual are equipped with system of onboard diagnostics of the second generation (OBD–II). A basic element of system is the onboard processor more often called by the electronic module of management (ESM), or the module of management of functioning of the power unit (RSM). RSM is a brain of a control system of the engine. Basic data arrive on the module from various information sensors and other electronic components (switches, the relay, etc.). On the basis of the analysis of the data arriving from information sensors, and according to the basic parameters put in the processor memory, RSM develops commands for operation of various operating relays and actuation mechanisms, carrying out thereby adjustment of working parameters of the engine, and providing maximum efficiency of its return at the minimum fuel consumption. Data read-out of the processor memory of OBD-II is made by means of the special scanner connected to the 16-contact diagnostic socket of reading of the database (DLC) located under the control panel of a heater.
ATTENTION

On some models reading of the codes of malfunctions which are written down in memory of system of self-diagnostics can be made by means of a lamp "Check the engine".

3. Special guarantee certificates with the extended validity extend to service of components of control systems of engine/decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases. It is not necessary to make attempts of independent performance of failure diagnostics of RSM or replacement of components of system, to an exit of terms of these obligations, – address specialists of representative car repair shops.
Data on diagnostic units
Use at diagnostics of the considered systems of a digital multimeter with a high impedance significantly increases the accuracy of the performed measurements
4. Check of serviceability of functioning of components of systems of injection and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases is made by means of the universal digital measuring instrument (multimeter). Use of the digital measuring instrument is preferable for several reasons. First, on analog devices it is rather difficult (sometimes, it is impossible), to define result of the indication to within the 100-th and thousand shares while at inspection of the contours including electronic components in the structure, such accuracy is of particular importance. The second, not less important, the fact that the internal contour of a digital multimeter, has rather high impedance is the reason (internal resistance of the device makes 10 megohms). As the voltmeter is connected to the checked chain in parallel, the accuracy of measurement of subjects is higher, than smaller current will pass through actually device. This factor is not essential at measurement of rather high values of tension (9 ё 12 V), however becomes defining at diagnostics of the elements giving low-voltage signals, such as, for example, l-probe where it is about measurement of shares of volt.

Parallel observation of parameters of signals, resistance and tension in all chains of management is possible by means of the splitter included consistently in the socket of the control unit of the engine. At the same time on the switched-off, working engine or during the movement of the car, measurement of parameters of signals on splitter plugs is performed from what the conclusion about possible defects is drawn.
5. Special diagnostic scanners (Pointer) or testers (Retriever) with a certain cartridge (if it is provided), a universal cable and the socket are used to diagnostics of electronic systems of the engine, automatic transmission, ABS, SRS. Besides, it is possible to use the expensive specialized automobile diagnostic computer which is specially developed for full diagnostics of the majority of systems of modern cars to this purpose (for example, ADC2000 of Launch HiTech, or ESA560, FSA, BEA of Bosch), or the ordinary computer with a special cable and the program OBD browser (for example, the Bosch ESI[tronic] program in Russian, the Motor-tester, Mytester, VagCom and VagTool programs

The universal K-L-line adapter (see an illustration in the bottom of the page), serves for coordination of signals of RS-232 port and ISO-9141 interfaces (K–line) and ALDL. Various cables necessary for diagnostics of concrete make of the car can be connected to sockets of the adapter. The switches and elements of indication installed in the adapter allow to choose necessary operating modes and approximately to estimate work of output lines. So, the luminescence of a green light-emitting diode with L–line marking, demonstrates connection of the line L with the car case. The luminescence of a red light-emitting diode with marking of K-line indicates the high potential which is present at this moment at the line K. At the established connection with the car the blinking of indicators can be imperceptible for an eye because of the high speed of exchange. Connection to the computer is made directly to the 25-contact COM port or by means of "The RS-232 25 cable Comte. – 9 Comte." in 9-contact SOM port.

Some scanners, besides usual operations of diagnostics, allow to print out, at connection with the personal computer, the schematic diagrams of electric equipment which are stored in memory of the control unit (if are put), to program anticreeping system, to observe signals in car chains in real time.

You can download the free version of a browser of OBD II for diagnostics of your car from our website arus.spb.ru
6. Reading of the codes of malfunctions which are written down in memory of system of self-diagnostics, on some cars, can be made also on the indicator "check the engine" on the control panel.
7. Devices of ToolRama, Inc can be also used to diagnostics, for example. (3500 NW Boca Raton Blvd., Boca Raton, Florida, 33431, USA 1 877 866 5726 - 561 750 4511 – 561 338 8447 FAX):

tester of R000 or the P000 scanner with a cartridge of T043 or T053,
universal N000 cable,
black or white N003 socket;
N002A multiplexer;
N004 connector.
8. The scanner only reads out the malfunctions brought memory and clears memory of malfunctions. Besides the scanner supports only the ISO protocol. The tester in addition can make active and show the current data and supports the SAE and ISO protocols.

All cartridges for a tester can be used also in the scanner. At the same time functions will be limited only to reading and cleaning of memory.
9. For the majority of cars of release since 1996 supporting the SAE/ISO 9141 OBD II protocol OBD II cartridge performing the following functions can be used:

· Reading and removal of codes of malfunctions of OBD II. Reflection of results of tests of the sensor of oxygen.
· Continuous control of systems of ignition, injection and components.

· Reflection of the list of the current data and the recorded unstable refusals:

Absolute pressure in the inlet pipeline;
Oxygen sensor tension;
Temperature of cooling liquid of the engine;
Settlement loading of the engine;
Car speed;
Quality of fuel;
Air consumption (on weight);
Ignition advancing;
Provision of a butterfly valve;
Temperature of the soaked-up air.

In addition to codes of malfunctions "P0 ", the device also reflects the expanded P1 codes for the models Acura, Audi, BMW, Chrysler, Dodge, FORD, Geo, GM, Honda, Hyundai, Infinity, Kia, Lexus, Lincoln, Mercury, Mazda, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Porsche, Saturn, SEAT, Skoda, Subaru, Suzuki, Toyota, Volvo, VW.
10. Features of the specialized automobile ADC2000 diagnostic unit:

· The built-in 4-channel oscilloscope with standard preset for 19 sensors.
· The analyzer of system of ignition for check primary and secondary chains (with tension to 100 kV) on systems with the distributor or separate coils of ignition – with control of time of burning, peak value of tension, a corner of an advancing of ignition, current, and turns.

· A two-channel multimeter with digital and graphical representation of data on tension (150B), frequency (1100 kHz), to current (150A).
· The built-in scanner for the main systems on cars: VAG, MB, BMW, Volvo, Toyota/Lexus, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Honda, Mazda, GM, Ford, Chrysler, Daewoo, Hyundai, Kia, Samsung, and also on cars supporting the OBD-II protocol.
· Cartridges are not required – you can execute updating of programs of the device, having downloaded necessary updates from the Internet.
· The software for contact with the personal computer.
11. Information on use of these devices contains in the enclosed documents.
12. For performing diagnostics we recommend to you to ask for the qualified help of experts HUNDRED.

ISO 9141–2 (Chrysler, European and majority of Asian models) Contacts 4, 5, 7, 15, 16

conclusion No.
Appointment
4
Connection with the case
5
The case – an alarm conclusion
7
Line K, ISO 9141
15
Line L, ISO 9141
16
Plus batteries through a safety lock. Energized, at any position of the lock of ignition

Reading of codes of malfunctions

Information contents of categories of a code

Look P 0 3 8 0 from left to right:

1 category (at the left)

P power unit
B body
With chassis

2 category Code Source

0 standard SAE
1 expanded – set by the producer


3 category System

0 system in general
1 admixture of air (air/fuel induction)

2 		fuel injection
3 system of ignition or admissions of ignition
4 additional control of release (auxillary emission control)
5 speed of the car and management х.х.
6 entrance and output signals of the control unit
7 transmission

4,5 categories

Serial number of malfunction of a component or chain (00–99)

PERFORMANCE ORDER
1. At detection of the malfunction repeating in a row on two trips, RSM issues the command for inclusion of the control lamp which is built in in an instrument guard "Check the engine", called also by the indicator of refusals. The lamp will continue to burn until memory of system of self-diagnostics is not cleared of the codes of the revealed malfunctions brought in it (address Specifications). If the lamp blinks, – the malfunction capable to lead to damage of the catalytic converter is registered. It is necessary to reduce speed until the lamp goes out or it will not be necessary to burn constantly. Reading of codes of malfunctions in the OBD-II system can be made in various ways. The main way is reading by means of the devices described above connected to the 16-contact DLC socket of the OBD-II system. Other ways are possible not on all models. On some models the blinking code (determined by the producer and other than SAE standard codes) can be считан the digital voltmeter or a light-emitting diode. Reading of a code on a lamp "Is possible check the engine".
2. Without starting the engine, include ignition, – a control lamp "Check the engine" has to light up, otherwise it should be replaced. Having checked serviceability of a condition of a lamp, again switch off ignition.

If memory of system is true, the control lamp will not join.

Start of the engine automatically interrupts access to system of diagnostics.
Cleaning of memory of OBD-II
3. When entering a code of malfunction in memory of RSM on an instrument guard of the car the control lamp "Lights up check the engine". The code remains written down in memory of the module.
4. For cleaning of memory of ESM connect the scanner to system and choose the CLEARING COEDS function (Removal of codes) in its menu. Further follow the instructions highlighted on the device or at once for 30 seconds take from the nest in the assembly block EFI safety lock. Alternatively cleaning of memory of system can be made by removal of a fusible insert (the main safety lock of system of onboard power supply), (it is possible also just to disconnect a positive wire from the battery).
ATTENTION

It is not desirable to make cleaning of memory of OBD by a detachment of a negative wire from the battery as it will lead to deleting of adjusting parameters of the engine and violation of stability of its turns for a short time after primary start.
If the stereosystem established on the car is equipped with a security code before disconnecting the battery make sure that you have the correct combination for input of the audio system in action!
Shutdown of the battery also leads to removal of settings of the receiver for favourite radio stations. Attention: In order to avoid damage of ESM its shutdown and connection should be made only at the switched-off ignition!

5. Track that memory of system was cleared before installation on the engine of new components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases. If before start of system after replacement of the failed information sensor not to make cleaning of memory of refusals, RSM will bring in it a new code of malfunction. Cleaning of memory allows the processor to make change-over on new parameters. At the same time in the first 50 ё 20 minutes after primary start of the engine some violation of stability of its turns can take place.